L‑type amino acid transporter 1 in enhancing boron neutron capture therapy: Mechanisms, challenges and future directions (Review)
- Authors:
- Xiaoqing Zheng
- Jianji Pan
- Donghai Lin
- Wei Shao
-
Affiliations: Precision Medicine Application and Transformation Central Laboratory, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China, High Field NMR Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China, Precision Medicine Application and Transformation Central Laboratory, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China - Published online on: August 19, 2025 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5611
- Article Number: 170
-
Copyright: © Zheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
This article is mentioned in:
Abstract
![Schematic representation of the
therapeutic principle of BNCT and the specific uptake of
boron-containing compounds by LAT1 in the TME. (A) During
epithermal neutron irradiation, 10B selectively
accumulated in tumor cells undergo the neutron capture reaction,
producing high-LET α-particles (4He) and lithium ions
(7Li) that induce complex DNA double-strand breaks.
LAT1-targeted strategies enhance the selective accumulation of
10B-containing compounds in tumor cells, highlighting
its role in BNCT efficacy. (B) Novel boron-containing compounds
with structural similarity to Tyr, such as BPA, are transported
into the cell through LAT1 on the cell membrane, leading to an
increase in the concentration of 10B-containing
compounds in cancer cells. The oncogene c-Myc binds to the LAT1
promoter, which promotes LAT1 transcription and expression in the
nucleus. In addition, the CD133 promoter can also promote LAT1
upregulation. Together they improve the TME. LAT1, L-type amino
acid transporter 1; BNCT, boron neutron capture therapy; TME, tumor
microenvironment; LET, linear energy transfer; BPA,
boronophenylalanine; BTS, 3-borono-L-tyrosine;
[18F]FBPA, 18F-fluoro-borono-phenylalanine;
HIF-α, hypoxia-inducible factor-α.](/article_images/ijmm/56/5/ijmm-56-05-05611-g00.jpg) |
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